Scraper for freezing apparatus



Sept. 12, 1950 c. ERICKSON ETAL SCRAPER FOR FREEZING APPARATUS OriginalFiled Jan. 24, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 SON RSA Y. Q 5 mL N EREI; m m y w rmm HD WM M B I c :.ER1cKsoN ETAL Sept. 12, 1950;

Re. 23,267 scRAPER FOR FREEZING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 OriginalFiled Jan. 24,-'l948 mm mKM a mL N 5R m VEDI. WT W 5 MM MRQM ReissuedSept. 12, 1950 SCRAPER FOR FREEZING APPARATUS Charles Erickson and ErickSpellman, New York, N. Y.

Original No.'2,4'l'.0,6-91; dated May 17., 1949, Serial No. 4,126,January 24, 1948.

Application for reissue May 17, 195.0, SeriaLNo. 162,595

. Claims. (Cl. 259-434) Matter enclosed in heavy brackets l: (I appearsin .the original patent but forms no .part. reissue specification;matter printed in italics indicatestheadditions made by reissue Thisapplication is a continuation-in-part of our ccpending abandonedapplication'Serial No. 505,858, filed October 1-1, 1943, for Scrapersfor freezing apparatus.

The present invention relates to scrapers and the shafts supporting them.such as used in confection refrigeration apparatus, ice cream freezers,frozen custard machines, etc., and particularly to demountable orremovable scrapers and the shaft mountings therefor.

'The main object of our invention is to provide a type of scraper or thelike for an ice cream freezer or frozen custard machine which can bereadily removed from the scraper shaft by a simple manipulation when theshaft assemblage is Withdrawn and freed from the apparatus, but whichscraper will be positively retained indirect assembled association withthe shaft in operative position when the latter occupies its'normalposition within the apparatus.

Another object is to produce such aremovablescraper which is 'free fromscrews, loose "parts or appendages or the like, and demountably disposedupon the shaft in a positionfrom which it may be removed withoutadjusting'or releasing .any parts, simply by shifting the scraperangularly in predetermined manner about the shaft when this shaft isreleased from the freezing apparatus. 7

' A further object is to have a freezer shaft and associated scraper orscrapers which together form a sanitary assembly capable of beingreadlly disassembled and cleaned at [all times] any time.

It is also an object to "have a scraper shaft and scrapers of theindicated character which are easily and conveniently assembledinto'operative relation and set .into position in the apparatus to whichthey pertain, and as easily removed from the .latter and taken apart forinspection 111g description when'taken'together with the accompanyingdrawings forming part hereof, and

" in which Figure 1 isaside elevationof-at-leas't -a-portion offascraperor dasher shai't and demountalile scraper 'adaptedtofit upon 'and' b'esuppoiteaby of this the shaft, the scraper being shown in a-positionabove the shaft preparatory to mounting the scraper on the shaft.

Figure 2 is an end view of said parts as seen from'the left in Figure 1FigureB is another end view of the 'sameparts as seen from the rightinthe same Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the shaft and scraper, similar to Figure1 showing the right end of the scraper inserted or mounted in positionon the shaft;

Figure 5 is a similar side elevation of'thesame parts'with thescraperyfully mounted in assembled association with the shaft at bothends;

Figure 6 is an endvi'ew of the shaft and scraper assembly as seen fromthe left in Figure 5; I

Figurei'l is an end view'or elevation of the freezing chamber of aconfection freezing machine showing 'the shaft and, scraper assemblyinstalled;

"Figure Sis a side elevation of a modificationof the scraper of Figures1 to 7;

- Figure 9 is an end view of the same modification as seen from theright in Figure 8-;

Figure 10 is a top plan view of the scraper of Figures 9 and '10;

Figure 11 is-an end elevation of -a further modificationof the shaft andscraper with the scraper shown in operative position;

"the scraper;

Figure 15 isan end view of another modification' 'of theshaft andscraperof Figure 1, the scraper being in operati'veposition;

Figure -16 is anendview of "the scraper alone :of-Figure "15-;

Figure 17 is an end elevation of the shaft alone ,ofFi'gure 15 as seenfrom the Opposite end than -'that shown int-he latter view;

the latter in operative position;

FigureZO is an end elevation'of the scraper 'alone thereof;

Figure 21'-is an elevationof the 'scraperalone asseen'Trom'the other endthan that shown in Figures 19 and 20;

I v fthe scraper alone ofsaidFigure'QZiwhile 55 Figure 24 shows theopposite end of the same scraper.

'merals indicate the same or like parts.

In apparatus used for handling, containingon freezing foods, includingconfections suchas ice cream, frozen custard and the like, it is highlyportion I.

Of the two arms 2 and 3, the latter arm has a sloping or inclined top 4and an aperture 5 below the top (Figure 3), while the other arm 2tertrninates in a .slotted upper portien generally indicated at '5(Figure 2)' consis ting of-a lower end portion I with an inclined orsloping top 8 and a higher end portion 9 with a sloping or inclinedThroughout the views, the same reference nu- 7 top l0 substantially inline with the top 8 on end The two inclined or sloping portions justmentioned, 8 and III on arm 2 lie in substantially the same plane withthe top 4 on arm 3 for essential that all parts coming intodirect-con'-- tact with the food or confection shallbe' acces' position on theshaft or atleast hinged thereto a reason which will now be explained.

The two arms described serve as supports for 'a scraper I I which has anouter beveled scraping edge I2, and at the lower edge adjacent to oneend a pivotal projection I3, while at the other end an oppositelydirected pivotal projection I4 is .rigidly fixed. Both projections'aredisposed in in permanently captive condition, despite the factv thathealth departments in various localities throughout the country requiresuch dashers or scraper shaft assemblies and the'apparatus in whichtheyare used to be kept scrupulously clean ,30 and sterile in order tomaintain proper sanitary paratus, the scrapers being then retained inposition by the walls of said apparatus for normal .co-operation withsaid walls when the shaft[s are] is rotated.

This is accomplished by having the arms on the shaft provided withbearings forming pivot mountings in ,the outer projecting end portionsthereof which I corresponding pivot. members upon a scraper fitremovabl'y, the pivot members being mutually alined and in substantialparallelism with, the effective scraping edge of the scraper involved.In addition, the arms are provided outwardly of the pivot mountingsthereof with stops with which the scraper comesin contact, when it isinclined with respect to. the pivot mountings and in locked positionwhen the shaft and scraper assembly isalso inserted into thehollowfreezing cylinder, of the machine.

Hence, in the practice of, our invention, and referringnow again to theaccompanying drawings, a dasher or scraper shaft I is providedwith apair of arms 2, 3 spaced apart along the shaft and preferably rigidtherewith (Figure 1)] and projecting out therefrom substantially atright angles to the longitudinal axis of this shaft l As only part ofthe shaft is shown, the lower arms scraper is to be mounted on theshaft, it is first brought into a position approximately parallel to.the shaft (Figure 1) and the pivot I3 then insorted endwise intoaperture or'bea'ring 5 in arm 3 (Figure 4) and thereafter the otherpivot I4 is lowered'into the slot I6 (Figures 5 and 6) in arm 2 untilsaid pivot rests in a lowerrounded bearing portion I! in said arm whichis wider at one side particularly, than the entrance portion of saidslot. The scraper is directed in such fashion as to seat the pivot insaid slot while the fiat portion [5' is maintained parallel with thesides of the slot, the pivot being narrower in this position andhencereadily entering the'slot. After both pivots are seated in the twobearing portions 5 and I'Ifthe scraper may be swung over so that itsnarrowe or inner sidev I8 lies on the inclined tops ,4 and 8'and'l9' ofthe'two arms.

O) course, the principle is for all practical purposes the same, ifthepivotmounting or bearing apertures 5 in arm 3 were open to the upperend 4 of the alrm through a slot similar to slot 16 in connection withpivot mounting or bearing 17 anarm 2. While this would divide theinclined top 4 into two top portions spaced apart and similar to stops 8and 10 on arm 2,

this would not alter operation nor relations of the pivot members,mountings or the scraper to each other. Obviously, if both arms wereopen this manner at their outer ends, and pivot -members 13 and 14 bothprovided with flattened portions as in the case of pivot member 14 atdownwardly directly through the upper ends of the arms into bearings orpivot mountings 5 and 17.

If the scraper, were inserted either as last described or as previouslydescribed, it would in any event be swung or rocked over into aninclined locked position in which one side of the scraper rests insupporting contact with at least one stop upon an arm disposed outwardlyof the ,bearingpr pivot mounting proper thereof.

, The shaft thusassembled with the scraper may then beinserted into thefreezing drum IQ of a confection refrigeration machine and the drumclosed by a front dispensing cover or-the like (not shown) andthemachine otherwise prepared for operation bymeans and in a manneralready well known in the art and therefor superfluous to illustrate,

Suflice it to state that the shaft with the scraper mounted thereon and.thus disposed within the .drum inoperative position may be rotated by aprime mover (not shown), with the result that the 'tion into the slot.

scra er will be held "against the inside wall of the drum andwill-scrape off frozen material continuously therefrom'as long as theshaft is rotated. As the drum prevents the scraper from, being swung outangularly from its position, it can not 'be disassociated from the shaftarms. Instead, it first necessary for the shaft assemblage to be fullywithdrawn from the freezing drum in order to Swing the scraper upwardinto the position shown in Figure 6. In this view the flat portion I 5on pivot l4 provides sufiicientclearance'to allow the pivot to be raisedthrough slot -l6and the other pivot then withdrawn from b'e'aring 5 inthe other arm 3. i

From the foregoing it is evident that-the scraper is easily removed fromthe supporting arms on the shaft for cleaning when the shaft assemblyisout of the freezing drum or chamber,

but positively retained in assembled relation when in operative positionwithin said chamber Without possibility of separation of the scraper"from the shaft, accidentally or otherwise.

In Figures 8 to 1'0 amodification of the scraper is shown, generallyindicated at [9 and provided insertion of saidstud into slot [6 on theshaft in similar fashion 'to the previously described insertion of pivot14 of scraper 11.. In fact, the two studs 23, 2 4 correspond to the twopivots or studs I3, 14 o'fsaid scraper H, the construction of scraper [9being simply an alternative scraper formwith respect to scraper I l andits pivots;

It is self-evident that the angle of inclination of the sloping tops ofthe supporting arms 2, 3

of shaft I, the position of the flat portions l5 or on the pivots orstuds, or the particular side which is beveled on the scraper, are allfeatures which may be chosen to suit conditions.

Another modification of the shaft and scraper ensemble is illustrated inFigures 11 to 14, wherein sha ft26 has supporting arm 21 provided withbearing-28 for the end stud 29 of a substantially 'flat scraper. portingarm 3! with a stud seat bearing 32 opening upward in a narrow 'slot33-for receiving end, fstud 34- at the other end of the scraper, thisstud The shaft also hasa second suphavi-ng the flat portion 35 tofacilitate introduc- The two ends of the scraper project at, 36 inparallelism with the studs, while the supporting arms 21 and 3| areformed "withstop shoulders 31, 31 upon which scraper projections 36, '36may restin operative position of the'scraper. When inserting the latter,it '00- cupi'es the upright initial position indicated in broken lines'in'Figure '11, after which it is turned over torest'on shoulders 31,31.

A further modification which uses projections at the ends of the scraperis shown in Fig'ures 15 to 1 8, in which the scraper 38 has end pivotstuds 39, 4'll fitting in'bearings 4|, 42 in supportingarms -43,4'4,-'respectively which are spacedapart rigidly on shaft*45.- Asbearing 42 on arm 4'4 is open in thefor-m of a narrow upward slot 46,the corre- "spond'ingstudio has a flatcleara-nce portion "41.

ord'ento deter-mine a properinclination or the scraper, the latter has apair of projections 48, 49

atthe ends engaging in stopseats 50, 5! in the ,arms,,the scraperoccupying the initial position indicated in broken lines in Figure 15during insertion to allow the stud 40 with its fiat portion 41 toenterslot 46, when the scraper may subsequently'be turned to the operativeposition shown in full lines in which stop projections "48, 49 restin'seats 5B, 5%.

In Figures 19, 20 and 21 a modification is shown which somewhatresembles that of Figures 8 to ,10, but the scraper 52 has the wedgeblocks 53, 54 fixed beneath the same with lugs 55, 56 provided with endstuds 51, 58, the latter having the flat clearance portion 59 forfacilitating mount- .ing; of the scraper on shaft 60. Supporting arm 6ion the latter has a bearing 62 for stud 51, while .:the upper end or top"63 of this arm is substantially atright angles with the sides ofsaidarm, the corner being roundedfor clearance at -64 to allow swingingthe scraper when installingit, the blocks 53, 54 resting on the flattops of-the supporting arms (only arm 6| being shown) as for exampleblock 53resting on top *63ain Figure 19. For inserting the flattenedstud :in the other arm with slotted bearing seat (not shown) the scraperwill initially occupy the position indicated-in broken lines in Figure19 just mentioned; Of course, if desired, the blocks 53, 54 may be asingle long block extending to the ends ofwthe scraper, but theconstruction shown is lighter.

Yet another modification is shownin Figures 22 to 24, in which theshaft65 has a supporting arm fieprovided with bearing 6'! for the endstud "68 of a' scraper 69,.a second arm spaced from arm 66 havingaslotted bearing seat .for the-stud l0 with its flat portion "H, thelatter arm and slot portion being superfluous to illustrate, as itfollows the principles already outlined. However, at

the ends of the scraper are a pair of stop arms -12, 73 disposed ineffective positions to engage against the sides of the supporting armsand thereby determine a .proper inclined operative positionfor thescraper as particularly shown in Figure 22. The scraper is swung tothisposition from'the initial insertion-position indicated'in said Figure 22in broken lines.

In all of the forms described, the main feature "is that the scrapermaybe turned from operative position in which it is virtually lockedinplac'e on the supporting arms of the'scraper shaft, to a liberating orassembling position in which the scraper is removable or capable ofbeing mounted on the shaft, the supporting arms being engagedbyporti'ohs of the scraper to determine an in- "clined'operativepositio'n of said scraper on said arms.

Manifestly,othe r variations maybe resorted to and parts and featuresmaybe modified or used :without others within the scope of the appended"claims.

Having now fully described our invention, we claim; o

'1. A'dasher or scraper assembly for a confection refrigeration machine,including a rotatable shaft 'having a pair of substantially parallelspaced arms projecting rigidly from the side thereof, a scraper adaptedto be supported upon said arms, one of the latter arms having anapertur'erre'ar the endthereo'f and the other arm having an o p ensiotin the'outer 'freeend of the arm, a pivot member fixed upon the "scraperadapted to -be inserted" into the aperturein the 'one'arrn on saiidshattfsaitfpivot meniloer being dir'ect'ed toward one end of the scraperand offset with respect to the general plane of the. latter, a secondsimilarly ofi'set'pivot member spaced from but substantially alinedwiththe first mentioned pivot member and directed toward the other end ofsaid scraper, the open slot in the second arm on the shaft beingundercut to form a bearing for the second pivot member and the latterpivot member having a fiat portion upon one side thereof to reduce thecross section thereof in one direction to provide for ready introductionof said second pivot member into said open slot and 4.15

cause-said slot to retain said pivot member when the scraper is swungover upon said arms and the assembly introduced into the drum orcylinder of the machine, with the scraper occupying an angular-positionwith respect to the shaft of said r assembly. I i

2. A dasher or scraper assembly for a confection refrigeration machine,including a rotatable shaft having a pair of substantially parallelspaced arms projecting rigidly from one side My thereof, a scraperadapted to be supported upon said arms, one of these arms having anaperture near-the end thereof and the other arm having, an open undercutslot in the outer free end thereof, a'pivot member fixed upon thescraper and adapted toibe inserted in the aperture in the firstmentioned arm, said pivot member being offvset with respect to the planeof the scraper and directed toward one end of the latter, a second pivotmember spaced from but substantially alined with the first mentionedpivot member and .directed toward the other end of said scraper and alsooffset with respect to the plane thereof, inclined scraper seats uponthe ends of said arms determining operative relation between the scraperand the cylinder of the machine in a positio of the scraper in which itis disposed at an angle with a plane coinciding with a radius extendingfrom the axis of said. shaft when said scraper has been inserted, by itspivot members into said aperture and undercut open slot, .respectively,the slot in said last mentioned position retaining the second pivotmember assembled with the second arm, and said second pivot memberhaving a flat portion upon one side to reduce the cross section thereofin one direction for ready insertion of the same pivot member, into saidslot and provide for swinging the scraper over upon ,the scraper seatson said arms about said pivot member to the mentioned operativeposition.

3. Aidasher or scraper assembly for a confection refrigeration machinehaving a hollow freezing cylinder, including a rotatable shaft having apair of supporting arms spaced apart and projecting rigidlyfrom thesame'side of the shaft, a

scraper adapted to be supported upon said arms,

one of the arms having a bearing near the outer free end thereof and theother arm having an open slot in the outer free end of the latter, a

pivot member. fixed upon the scraper adapted'to be inserted into thebearing in the one arm on said shaft, said pivot member being directedtoward one end of the scraper, a second pivot member upon said scraperspaced from but substantially alinedwith the first mentioned pivotmemher and directed outwardly in the Opposite direction to that of saidfirst mentioned pivot member,

stop means disposed externally upon the scraper assembly for determiningan angular operative position of the scraper'with respect to the shaft,the open slot in these'cond arm on said shaft being undercut to form abearing for the second i'pivot member and the later pivot member havinga reduced clearance portion upon one sideto reduce the cross sectionthereof in one direction to provide'for ready'introduction of saidsecond pivot member intosaid open slot and cause' said slotto retainsaid pivot. member when the scraper is swung upon said arms into saidoperative posi- .tion and the Scraper assembly introduced into saidcylinder of the machine, the scraper in the operative position withinsaid cylinder being prevented by the latter from swinging out into reeleasing position-with respect to the open slot and .,5. .:A dasher or.scraper assembly, accordingto claim 3, wherein the stop means includes ashoulder upon at least one arm and a corresponding projecting portionupon at least one end. of the scraper engaging against the shoulderin-the operative position of said scraper.

1 6..A dasher or scraper assembly according to claim 3, wherein the stopmeans includes a top on each of the supporting arms and a projectionadjacent to the ends upon the scraper serving to space the latter awayfrom the tops of the arms and thereby determine the operative positionof said scraper with respect to said arms and shaft;

'7. A dasher or scraper assembly according to claim 3, whereinthe stopmeans includes end projections upon the scraper,substantiallyparal lelto the pivot members, and corresponding seat portions upon thesupportingarms for receiving said end projections in the operative position ofsaid scraper with respect to said arms and shaft.

8. A dasher onscraper-assembly according to claim 3, wherein the stopmeans includesprojecting portions upon the scraper ends andcorresponding shoulders upon the supporting arms for supporting saidprojecting scraper portions in the operative position of said scraper,the scraper with its pivot members and projecting portions beingdisposed substantially in the same plane throughout, a

9. A dasher or scraper assembly for a confection refrigeration machinehaving a. hollow frees,-

ing cylinder, said scraper assembly including a rotatable'scraper shaft;a pair of supporting arms projecting flrom a side of the. scraper shaftin mutual spaced apart relation;.a scraper adapted to be. supported onthe supporting arms and having a longitudinal scraping edge; onearmhaving an open undercut slot in the outer projecting end thereof andforming a pivot mounting, the other arm having a corresponding pivotmounting a'ustment of the scraper with respect to the scraper shaftabout the arisof said pivot .mem-

vbers and mountingspandstop means disposed upon the outetlencls-of saidarms in efiective positions to determine an inclined angulalr positionof said scraper in which the scraper assembly fits within said hollowcylinder with the scraping edge of said scraper in contact with theinterior of said cylinder and thereby retaining said pivot members uponsaid scraper in assembled relation to said pivot mountings.

10. A dasher or scraper assembly according to claim 9, wherein the stopmeans upon the arms and the scraper are so relatively disposed inassembled or mounted position of said scraper that the scraper engageswith one side thereof against said stop means to determine the inclinedangular position of said scraper.

11. A dasher or scraper assembly for a confection refrigeration machinehaving a hollow freezing cylinder, said scraper assembly including arotatable scraper shaft; a pair of arms projecting from a side of theshaft in spaced apart relation, one arm having an open slot in the outerfree end thereof and an inner undercut portion in the open slot inwardlyof said outer free end forming a pivot mounting or bearing and the otherarm having a corresponding pivot mounting or bearing in the outerportion of the latter; a pivot member fixed on said scraper and adaptedto engage pivotally in the corresponding pivot mounting or bearing; asecond pivot member fixed on said scraper in alinement with the firstmentioned pivot member and both pivot members being substantiallyparallel to the scraping edge of said scraper, said second pivot memberpivotally fitting in the inner undercut portion of said open slot andhaving a flattened portion upon at least one side reducing the crosssection thereof to allow insertion into and removal from said open slotin a predetermined position of said scraper and both pivot membersallowing angular displacement of the scraper with respect to the shaftabout the axis of said pivot members and mountings; and stop meansdisposed outwardly of the pivot mountings at the outer ends of said armsfor determining an inclined a gular working position of said scraperwhen said scraper assembly is insertible into said hollow cylinder withthe scraping edge of the scraper in contact with the inner wall of saidhollow cylinder whereby to retain said pivot members locked in saidpivot mountings and prevent removal of at least said second pivot memberfrom the inner undercut portion of said open slot.

12. A dasher or scraper assembly for a confection machine having ahollow freezing cylinder, said scraper assembly including a rotatablescraper shaft; a pair of arms projecting from a side of the shaft inspaced apart relation; corresponding pivot mountings forming axiallyalined individual bearings in the outer portions of the arms; a pair ofsubstantially alined pivot members mounted on said scraper insubstantial parallelism with the scraping edge of said scraper andconditioned to engage pivotally in said pivot mountings, at least onearm having an open slot in the outer portion thereof communieat ng withthe respective pivot mounting on said one arm, and at least the onepivot member adapted to engage therein having a reduced transversesection upon one portion allowing insertion of said one pivot memberinto said respective pivot mounting through the open slot in one angularposition of said one pivot member; and stop means disposed on at leastsaid one arm at the outer end of the open slot thereof for determiningan inclined angular working position of said scraper when said scraperassembly is in- 1O sertible into said hollow cylinder with the scrapingedge of the scraper within the inner wall of said hollow cylinder,whereby to retain said pivot members locked in said pivot mountings andprevent removal of either pivot member from its respective pivotmounting.

13. A dasher or scraper assembly for a confection freezing machinehaving a hollow freezing cylinder, said scraper assembly including arotatable scraper shaft; a pair of arms projecting from the scrapershaft in spaced apart relation; a scraper adapted to be supported on thearms and having an outer longitudinal scraping edge and an inneropposite lo gitudinal edge; said arms having individual pivot mountingsformed in the outer projecting ends thereof, at least one of the pivotmountings being an undercut open slot; a pair of substantially alinedpivot members mutually spaced apart on the scraper at least in thevicinity of the inner edge thereof in parallelism with the scrapingedge, said pivot members removably fitting in the pivot mountings ofsaid arms for pivotally supporting said scraper and allowing angulardisplacement of the scraping edge thereof about the axis of said pivotmembers and pivot mountings, and at least one of said pivot membershaving a portion of suitable transverse dimension in one direction toallow introduction thereof into or removal thereof from the open end ofsaid undercut open slot in exclusively one angular position of thescraper with respect to the shaft; a stop means upon at least one ofsaid arms disposed outwardly of the pivot mounting proper thereof fordetermining an inclined angular operative position of said scraper withrespect to said shaft in which said stop means engages with a portionupon said scraper and the assembly as a whole is insertible into thehollow freezing cylinder with the scraping edge disposed against theinner wall of said cylinder and the scraper thereby locked in assembledrelation with said scraper shaft and the arms thereon.

14. A dasher or scraper assembly according to claim 13, wherein thepivot members are disposed substantially in alinement with the innerlongitudinal edge of the scraper.

15. A dasher or scraper assembly according to claim 13, wherein thepivot members are disposed relatively nearer to the inner longitudinaledge upon the scraper than to the scraping edge thereof, and theundercut open slot of o e pivot mounting is open to the outer end of thearm involved, and wherein the stop means serves in any case to makesupporting contact with a side por tion upon said scraper in theinclined angular position of said scraper.

CHARLES ERICKSON. ERICK SPELLMAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent or the original patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 618,811 Bymaster Jan. 31, 18991,751,813 Hager Mar. 25, 1930 2,141,045 Ruttiman Dec. 20, '19382,289,613 Weinrich July 14, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date24,549 Switzerland June 11, 1902

